Mass Effect

ceramic plate is attached to a metal plate with adhesives. Fig. 2 shows the oscillating system of a piezoelectric diaphragm. Applying D.C. voltage between electrodes of a piezoelectric diaphragm causes mechanical distortion due to the piezoelectric effect. For a misshaped piezoelectric element, the distortion of the piezoelectric element expands in a radial direction. And the piezoelectric diaphragm bends toward the direction shown in Fig.2 (a). The metal plate bonded to the piezoelectric element does

l’impératif de personnalisation est rappelé par une étude intéressante de Greenver (2004), qui démontre que les médias personnalisés (lettres, dépliants) retiennent l’attention du consommateur pendant 38 secondes en moyenne, soit davantage que les mass médias traditionnels et que les nouveaux moyens de communication sur Internet. L’auteur souligne également que le secteur des services est confronté à un vrai problème d’inefficacité de sa publicité, et il désigne les prestataires les plus en proie

channels through which skilled emigration affects the sending countries in a harmonised analytical framework. For each possible channel (the drain effect, temporary migration, incentives to educate thanks to migration prospects, the impact of workers’ remittances, and network effects) we derive the conditions necessary for a long-run, beneficial effect to obtain, and we survey the relevant theoretical and empirical literature. JEL Classification: F22; J24; O15. Keywords: Skilled emigration; brain

Small Hiccup », Brookings Papers of Economic Activity, 161:226. LEAMER, E. (1996). « In Search of Stolper-Samuelson Effects on U.S. Wages », NBER Working Paper 5427. RODRICK, D. (1997a). Has Globalization Gone Too Far?, Institute for International Economics. RODRICK, D. (1997b). « Trade, Social Insurance, and the Limits to Globalization », NBER Working Paper # 5905, Cambridge, Mass. RODRICK, D. (1998). « Why Do More Open Economies Have Bigger Governments? », Journal of Political Economy, vol. 106

producing increases a lot the productivity of companies. This revolutionary way to view production increased the productivity by 400%. Henry Ford Henry Ford decided to use Taylorism principles in his For Motor Company in Detroit to produce the first mass produced car, the Ford T; but Henry Ford didn’t only used Taylorism but he decided to go further. With the help of mechanization, he created mobile assembly lines to accelerate the production, moreover he developed standardization in his factories:

Cofer, III, G. W. Harris, G. Helas, R. Koppmann, J.-P. Lacaux, and D. E. Ward. Trace gas and aerosol emissions from savanna fires, in Biomass Burning and Global Change, edited by J. S. Levine, pp. 278-295, MIT Press, Cambridge, Mass, 1996. Andreae M. O. Climatic effects of changing atmospheric aerosol levels, in World Survey of Climatology. Vol. 16: Future Climates of the World, edited by A. Henderson- Sellers, pp. 341-392, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1995. Andreae MO, A. Chapuis, B. Cros, J. Fontan

Labour and Social Effects of Restructuring in the Iron 1986 SAP 1.1/WP.6 and Steel Industry (Oleg Stepanov) The Teller and the Terminal: The Effects of Computerisation 1988 SAP 4.2/WP.7 on the Work and on the Employment of Bank Tellers (Michael Bell) Social and Economic Effects of El Cerrejon Coal Project 1987 SAP 2.5/WP.8 in Colombia (James Jonish) Income of Workers in the Hotel, Catering and Tourism Sector 1987 SAP 6.1/WP.9 (A. Faymann) Social and Labour Effects of Computer-Aided

schéma : émetteur/récepteur) pour expliciter : Ce qui se passait dans l’univers des médias et de la publicité ; Ou des formes spécifiques dans le contexte des sociétés modernes Laswell et les 5W (who says what to Whom through which channel, with what effect?): Emetteur Contenu du message Nature du canal Caractéristiques du public Influence du message Années 50 et 60: Intérêt des chercheurs sur la diffusion de la télévision : quelle influence sociopolitique des médias notamment avec l’arrivée

that does not take into account the possibility for the message content to be understood in many different ways, and consumers are depicted as “passive, Page | 1 homogeneous receivers of ads” (Ritson & Elliott, 1995). This refers to impersonal mass communication which assumes that consumers are all identical, and read the messages in the ads the same way. Therefore, advertising is perceived as evil, because its obvious aim is to sell, to make consumers purchase the promoted product, even if they

2001;142: 422–432 4. Sinaiko AR, Gomez-Martin O, Prineas RJ. Prevalence of «significant» hypertension in junior high-schoolaged children: the children and adolescent blood pressure program. J Pediatr 1989; 114: 664–669 5. Fixler DE, Laird WP. Validity of mass blood pressure screening in children. Pediatrics 1983; 72: 459–463 6. Bartosh SM, Aronson AJ. Childhood hypertension: an update on etiology, diagnosis, and treatment. Pediatr Clin North Am 1999; 46: 235–253 7. Compendium suisse des médicaments, Documed