The African National Congress

dominant figure in the South African liberation movement, burning his pass as a peaceful protest. The twentieth century in South Africa can't be retrospectively looked at with pride, because of the practice of apartheid.  Apartheid had similarities to segregation in the American South, but was much worse.  Black weren't able to vote and separation from the whites in public businesses, They represented seventy percent of the population, and were forced to live in a small area of the country. They

at Mvezo, in the east of Cap’s region. He was an South African president. When he was 7, Rolihlahla Mandela became the first member of his family who went in a school. His professor gave him his occidental name “Nelson”. His father died by tuberculosis when Nelson was 9 years old. He continued his studies in success at Clarkebury Boarding Institute. He got his certificate in two years (instead of 3 years generally). On 1934, he signed in the school “Wesleyan de Fort Beaufort”. At the university he

as a lawyer, and joined the African National Congress in 1944 to aid in its struggle against apartheid. During over 25 years in prison he became the world's most famous political prisoner. After a long campaign of resistance within South Africa and political and economic pressure from without, President F. W. de Klerk ended the government ban on the ANC and freed Mandela in 1990, whereupon*(=sur quoi) he assumed leadership of the organization. He worked tirelessly over the next few years to negotiate

1918 au sein d’une famille bantoue cultivée et influente, Nelson Mandela entreprend des études de droit. Conscient très vite de la ségrégation raciale à l’encontre des noirs en Afrique du Sud et influencé par Walter Sisulu, il intègre l’African National Congress (ANC). Très vite, il devient l’un de ses principaux leaders, notamment avec la création de la Ligue de la jeunesse. Fondateur du premier cabinet d’avocats noirs d’Afrique du Sud, il mène des campagnes non-violentes jusqu’au massacre de Sharpeville

a little village of the south of South Africa. When he was sixteen, Nelson is initiated to become a man according to the local custom. He was a talented pupil and he got into Fort Hare, a famous university which formed future managers... It was there that Mandela understood the real situation of blacks in South Africa. Detailed as representative of students council, he began his first struggles against white administration so powerfully that it caused his expulsion of the university. In 1942

South Africa I General presentation - 3 capitals : Pretoria (executive) Bloemfontein (judicial) Cape Town (legislative) - Largest city : Johannesburg with 710.000 inhabitants (3.900.000 with the agglomeration) - Total population : 49.320.000 inhabitants - 11 official languages : Zulu, Xhosa, Afrikaans, Northern Sotho, Tswana, English, Southern Sotho, Tsonga, Swazi, Venda and Southern Ndebele - 4 ethnic groups : 79.3% Black 9.1% White

The Apartheid laws In 1948 the National Party, led by Dr Daniel Malan, won a General Election and promised to introduce Apartheid (separation) into South Africa. There were already a number of laws in place, eg. the Native Land Acts and laws against marriages between the races, that separated black and white South Africans. However these were to be developed by a series of GRAND and PETTY Apartheid laws: GRAND APARTHEID LAWS v The Population Registration Act - this grouped every South African

Today 1) What is the definition of Apartheid ? An official policy of racial segregation formerly practiced in the Republic of South Africa, involving political, legal, and economic discrimination against nonwhites. 2) When was it started and reinforced ? In 1948, the National Party was elected to power. It intensified the implementation of racial segregation begun under Dutch and British colonial rule, and subsequent South African governments since the Union was formed. The Nationalist Government

Term PICTURE On the right-hand side there is a photo which must have been taken in South Africa in 1994 : On the photo there is a huge poster of representing Nelson Mandela. At the top in capital letters it’s written Mandela for president, and at the bottom, it’s written the people’s choice; an there is a flag and the ANC logo ,too. The ANC is the African National Congress, the political party defending the black Africans’ rights. Mandela’s photo is torn in the upper part as the man who is holding

Thursday, January 20, 2010 The U.S: A Salad Bowl or a Melting Pot? By Alexandra Phelps {draw:frame} American society has often been described as a melting pot but in recent years, it has also attracted other definitions such as " salad bowl ". For centuries, the US has attracted people in search of a share of "the American dream" from all corners of the world. In fact, US history is one of immigration. In 1620, about 100 English colonists, so-called "Mayflower Pilgrims" left for