Punishment

détail : guide pratique I, mai 2001. DIRECTION GÉNÉRALE DES RESSOURCES HUMAINES. Guide de planification stratégique des ressources humaines, document inédit, janvier 1999. GUIDE DE GESTION DES RESSOURCES HUMAINES GROTE, D. Discipline without punishment, Across the Board, octobre 2001. HANSEN, F. « Currents in compensation and benefits : Salary and wage trends », dans Compensation and Benefits Review, avril 2002. H. SCHMIDT, WARREN et collab. « Négociation et résolution de conflits », dans Harvard

imposant des sanctions sur les mauvais comportements. Ahmed (2002) donne un exposé théorique d'un contrat de partage des profits et des pertes qui pourrait réduire les tentatives de tricherie à travers un mécanisme de récompense/punition (reward/punishment) pour veiller à ce que les contrats soient respectés. Dans le cadre du 70 contrat moudaraba, la récompense/punition dépendra du rapprochement entre le profit réel, repéré à travers les opérations d’audit effectuées par la banque, et le profit

Dans "Elements of Law", Hobbes écrit : "all revenge ought to tend to amendment, either of the person offending, or of others, by the example of his punishment" (Toute vengeance doit tendre à amender soit l'offenseur, soit les autres, par l'exemple de la punition. - Trad. P.Folliot). Dans le De Cive, Hobbes écrit :"or that others warned by his punishment may become better." (ou pour que les autres, avertis par cette punition, puissent devenir meilleurs - Trad.P.Folliot). [1267] "glorying in the hurt

ce contexte, partant de l’idée de l’existence des problèmes d’hasard moral inhérents aux contrats PLS, Ahmed [2002] expose théoriquement le contrat PLS qui réduit les tentatives de tricherie à travers un mécanisme de récompense/punition (reward/punishment). Il conclut que les solutions sont des contrats à fortes incitations et qui imposent des pénalités en cas de mauvais comportement20. Or, les financements de PLS qui s’inscrivent dans la durée peuvent bénéficier de la réputation, et par conséquent

their actions, other 86 Alex J. Bellamy actors serve as ‘judges and juries’ weighing the balance of the different claims (Franck 2002: 185). ‘Judges’ are those entities capable of backing up their judgments with serious material rewards or punishments; in particular, the world’s most powerful states. ‘Juries’ comprise the rest of world opinion. Jurors debate and form their own opinions, can impose some relatively minor penalties and rewards, and can attempt to influence judges’ decisions. The

Dans "Elements of Law", Hobbes écrit : "all revenge ought to tend to amendment, either of the person offending, or of others, by the example of his punishment" (Toute vengeance doit tendre à amender soit l'offenseur, soit les autres, par l'exemple de la punition. - Trad. P.Folliot). Dans le De Cive, Hobbes écrit :"or that others warned by his punishment may become better." (ou pour que les autres, avertis par cette punition, puissent devenir meilleurs - Trad.P.Folliot). 6 "glorying in the hurt

surprisingly) considered an unsuitable area of investigation for psychology. He argued for the importance of cognition in emotion at a time when psychologists believed that what mattered was behavior and association of behavior with rewards and punishments. He studied the unconscious when it was considered a ridiculous assertion, beyond the realm of proof. He helped open the fields of stress and coping and health psychology, both of which are now considered critical subareas of behavioral science.

reductions : a policy for prevention of predatory pricing », Yale Law Journal, nº 89, p. 1-26 BAUMOL W., PANZAR J., WILLIG R. [1982], Contestable markets and the theory of industry structure, Harcourt, Brace & Jovanovich. BECKER G. [1968], « Crime and punishment : an economic approach », Journal of Political Economy, nº 76, p. 169-217. 118 B ECKNER P., G USTAFSON E. [2000], Trial and error : United States versus Microsoft, Citizen for a sound economy Foundation. BOLTON P., BRODLEY J., RIORDAN M. [2000]

the time when it was committed.Nor shall a heavier penalty be imposed than the one that was applicable at the time the penal offence was committed. Article 5 No one shall be subjected to torture or to cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment. Article 6 Everyone has the right to recognition everywhere as a person before the law. Article 12 Article 7 All are equal before the law and are entitled without any discrimination to equal protection of the law. All are entitled to equal

information et décision, Paris, Economica, p.121-182, 1989. FAVEREAU O; Convention et régulation ”, in Boyer R, Saillard Y, 1995. FAYOL H; Administration industrielle et generale, Paris, Dunod, 1979. FEHR E, GÄCHTER S; Cooperation and Punishment in Public Goods Experiments, University of Zurich, June 1999. FEHR E, FISCHBACHER U, GÄCHTER S; Are People Conditionally Cooperative? Evidence from a Public Goods Experiment, , Institute for Empirical Research in Economics University of Zurich