1. Health Care Systems - The Four Basic Models
Each country devises its own set of arrangements for meeting the three basic goals of a health care system: keeping people healthy, treating the sick, and protecting families against financial ruin from medical bills. There are four basic systems:
-The Beveridge Model: In this system, health care is provided and financed by the government through tax payments. Many, hospitals and clinics are owned by the government. These systems tend to have low costs per capita, because the government, as the sole payer, controls what doctors can do and what they can charge. Great Britain, Spain, most of Scandinavia, New Zealand and Hong Kong are the countries using the Beveridge plan.
-The Bismarck Model: This system of providing health care uses an insurance system, the insurers are usually financed jointly by employers and employees through payroll deduction. This model plans have to cover everybody, and they don't make a profit. Doctors and hospitals tend to be private in Bismarck countries. this system is found in Germany, and France, Belgium, the Netherlands, Japan, Switzerland, and, to a degree, in Latin America.
-The National Health Insurance Model: This system has elements of both Beveridge and Bismarck. It uses private-sector providers, but payment comes from a government-run insurance program that every citizen pays into. The classic NHI system is found in Canada, Taiwan and also South Korea.
-The Out-of-Pocket Model: This model is found in the poor countries who can’t establish a health care systems. People who have no health insurance, the access to a doctor is available if they can pay the bill out-of-pocket at the time of treatment or if they're sick enough to be admitted to the emergency ward at the public hospital.

2. Five Capitalist Democracy & How They Do It
United Kingdom: The British system is "socialized medicine" because the government both provides and pays for health care. Britons pay taxes for