Social democratic front

verbal communications tend not to carry a direct message “what I say is what I mean”. The task focus is high and clarity is important. In fact, the truth is more important that sparing somebody’s feelings. Moreover, there is a clear distinction between social and business communication. • Religion The two main religions of Japan are Shinto and Buddhism. They are complementary and they have been co-existing for several centuries. Most Japanese consider themselves Buddhist, Shintoist or both. However

7 Historical institutionalism Sven Steinmo Historical institutionalism is neither a particular theory nor a specific method. It is best understood as an approach to studying politics and social change. This approach is distinguished from other social science approaches by its attention to real-world empirical questions, its historical orientation and its attention to the ways in which institutions structure and shape behaviour and outcomes. Although the term ‘historical institutionalism’ was

policies. During the course of the war, the political tide was to gradually turn giving Labour a distinct advantage and far more leeway to introduce the sort of social reforms they had been hankering after since 1906 when the party emerged as a political force to be reckoned with. We will also look at what happened during the war on the home front including the Blitz, evacuation, day to day organisation, political organisation and employment. Hopefully, this will enable us to dissipate a few of the

became European Union members the 1st May 2004. This enlargement is first of all an answer to a political threat. Indeed, theses countries of Central and Eastern Europe were communist countries. They were under dictatorship and they have become democratic countries, so their goal was to reinforce their new positions. Therefore, they have integrated the European Union to break away the Russian communist influence. The EU was vital for these countries to make their economic success safe. The transition

23h00. © Presses de Sciences Po comme William H. Russel du Times, dès la guerre de Crimée (18541855), puis pendant la guerre de Sécession. Que ce soit pour s’assurer le succès sur le théâtre d’actions ou pour préserver le moral des troupes sur le front ou des civils à l’arrière, les États ont très tôt interdit ces pratiques d’information libre en imposant une censure radicale. Durant la première guerre mondiale, des délégués des ministères de la Défense étaient en poste dans les rédactions et opéraient

state. The initial structuring of sport public policies goes from 1919 to 1939. Within two decades new representations of public action took shape and asserted themselves as concerns the topic of sport, in relation with the project of a modern and democratic society. Since the Liberation until today, one can witness the increasing complexity of sport policies, punctuated with successive Laws governing sports. At first, the transformation of state acting methods, the commitment of local communities (mainly

multiethnique et plurilinguiste : atout ou contrainte ? 12 2. Des contrastes nés de l’histoire : 13 2.1. Une république jeune : Caractéristiques 14 2.2. Histoire contemporaine de la politique de l’Afrique du Sud 15 3. La nouvelle donne sociale en Afrique du Sud : 16 3.1. La société contemporaine moderne 16 3.2. La persistance d’inégalités 18 PARTIE II : L’économie de l’Afrique du Sud 21 Données générales 22 1. Un pays engagé dans la voie du développement : 23 1.1. L’assainissement

cours sur l'histoire des Noirs. Seale travaille alors au centre de lutte contre la pauvreté d'Oakland Nord (North Oakland Neighborhood Anti-Poverty Center) où il est confronté quotidiennement aux problèmes économiques et sociaux qui touchent la population noire. Cette situation sociale s’accompagne d’un accroissement des tensions entre la police et la population noire dans la ville d’Oakland, notamment depuis les émeutes de Watts (1965) dans la ville de Los Angeles. L’insatisfaction qu’ils éprouvent

vietnamien et de ses aspirations comme le montre la réforme agraire entreprise qui suscite un profond mécontentement des paysans. A partir de 1960, la guerre éclate entre le Sud-Vietnam et le Nord communiste d’Ho Chi Minh, soutenu au Sud par le FNL (Front national de Libération). Les USA soutiennent financièrement et cette fois-ci militairement le Sud-Vietnam, inscrivant ce conflit dans la guerre froide avec l’objectif d’empêcher un « effet domino » dans l’Asie du Sud-Est et d’ainsi contenir le développement

people of equal social status in which each one is able to prevail on the other to perform a favour or a service. Guanxi also describes a global network of relationship which key values are trust, sincerity, mutual respect and co-operation. The relationships formed by Guanxi are personal and not transferable. It is a concept that has existed for centuries but which has become especially significant in the last fifty years: it provides a structured set of relationships and replaces the social network of