Monetary policy

Preferential Tariff Electricity of Vietnam European Union Foreign Direct Investment Free Trade Area General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade Governing Body Gross Domestic Product International Labour Conference International Labour Organisation International Monetary Fund Joint Venture The Labour Protection Bureau Most Favoured Nation Multinational Corporation Ministry of Education and Training Ministry of Industry Ministry of Labour- Invalids and Social Affairs Ministry of Trade Ministry of Planning and Investment

plus de 3% du PNB The deficit is more than 3% of the GNP Avoiding using avoir Le ministre éprouve des difficultés à convaincre le public des bénéfices de cette politique The minister is having difficulty convincing the public of the benefits of this policy Le gouvernement dispose de plusieurs options pour résoudre le problème The government has several options for solving the problem Le musée recueille tous les meilleurs tableaux de l'artiste The museum has all the artist's best paintings Le nouveau

transformation et au développement économique du continent. BIBLIOGRAPHIE 100 Rapport 2014 sur le développement économique en Afrique Addison T, Mavrotas G and McGillivray M (2005). Development assistance and development finance: Evidence and global policy agendas. Journal of International Development. 17:819–836. AfDB (2010). African Development Report 2010: Ports, Logistics, and Trade in Africa. African Development Bank. Oxford University Press, Oxford. African Securities Exchange Association (2013)

du personnel. Actifs du régime (IAS 19) (plan assets) Les actifs du régime comprennent : • des actifs détenus par un fonds d’avantages à long terme en faveur du personnel ; • des contrats d’assurance éligibles. Actifs monétaires (IAS 38) (monetary assets) Les actifs monétaires désignent l’argent détenu et les actifs à recevoir en argent pour des montants fixes ou déterminables. Actifs sectoriels (IAS 14) (segment assets) Les actifs sectoriels sont les actifs opérationnels qui sont utilisés

organisations Estratégia de combate à pobreza Angolan Armed Forces Fórum das Organizações não Governamentais Angolanas Front for the Liberation of the Cabinda Enclave Gross Domestic Product Government of Angola Human Development Index International Monetary Fund International Non-Government Organisations Millennium Development Goals Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola Non-governmental organisations National Reconstruction & Development Official Development Assistance Southern Africa Development

countries, to become the next global consumers. Within Asia there is significant talk of rebalancing towards domestic demand (more specifically domestic consumption) as a way of sustaining growth in the face of potentially sluggish exports. But the policy prescriptions to achieve such a rebalancing are not easy. They involve creation of a social safety net, medical insurance schemes, and better public education services. In short, Asian consumption is tied in the minds of many analysts to long-term

and managing the country’s natural and cultural heritage sites. 2.2 Economic factors Canada has to face a fairly instability of the market: since the 80’s there is a decrease of the productivity and the government is involved in a strong monetary policy in order to face the high level of inflation. However some factors still beneficiate to some businesses. * Value of the Canadian dollar relative to other currencies There is still a relative attractiveness of the exchange rate (Cd$ 1=

by which the economy reaches a balance ; an excessive supply of currency, or the pressures brought to bear by wage costs in conditions of almost full employment, have been mentioned. Some writers have therefore accused the States' intervention in monetary matters, others the inability of this intervention to control wages, or more generally to control incomes and prices. The persistence over the last few years of both a high unemployment rate and a high rate of inflation has made necessary a revision

“Multinationals, endogenous growth and technological spillovers: Theory and evidenc”, Review of International Economics, 13 (5): 945-963. Barro R .J., Lee J.W. (1994), "Sources of economic growth", Carnegie-Rochester Conference Series on Public Policy, 40 : 1-46. Barro R., Sala-i-Martin X., (1997), "Technological diffusion, convergence and growth", Journal of Economic Growth, 2 (6),1-26. Barro R.J. (1990), "Government spending in a simple model of endogeneous growth, Journal of Political Economy

-2 1985 1987 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 (en %) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 -1 Cours des actions Taux directeur (échelle de droite) Indice des prix à la consommation Taux directeur 2 Cf. Bernanke (B.) (2000) : “Japanese monetary policy: a case of self-induced paralysis” Banque de France • Focus • n° 2 • 5 décembre 2008 L’impact macroéconomique des crises bancaires • En baissant son taux directeur à 2,50 % début 1987, la Banque du Japon n’aurait fait que prendre en