Monetary policy

IMF, Public Affairs, 13, 3-26. DE GREGORIO, J., B. EICHENGREEN, T. ITO and Ch. WYPLOSZ (1998), An Independent and Accountable IMF : Geneva reports on the World Economy 1, ICMB Centre for Economic Policy Research. DI NOIA C. and G. DI GIORGIO, (1999), Should Banking Supervision and Monetary Policy Tasks Be Given to Different Agencies ?, International Finance, 2, 1-18. DIAMOND, D. and P. DYBVIG (1983), Bank Runs, Deposit Insurance and Liquidity, Journal of Political Economy, 91, 401-419. EICHENGREEN

(2011), “L’élan brisé du Portugal”, Alternatives économiques, No. 303. ANDREAU J., BEAUR G. et GRENIER J.-Y. (2006), La dette publique dans l’histoire, Paris, Comité pour l’histoire économique et financière de la France. ARGHYROU M. (2006), “Monetary policy before and after the euro: Evidence from Greece”, Cardiff Economics Working Paper. ARTUS P. (1996), Déficits publics, Théorie et pratique, Paris, Ed. Economica. ARTUS P. (2008), “La crise des subprimes”, Conseil d’Analyse économique, La documentation

different theoretical approaches in the field of trade policy analysis. This text aims to fill this void by focusing on the analytical tools developed in this field and by offering a reflection on the level of integration of the existing variables. It offers an overview of the state of the different sources of theoretical explanations available to the analyst. The paper concludes that it is useful to treat the sources of explanation of trade policy decisions in an integrated manner and to put to contribution

to Measuring the Management Quality of Banks”, Annals of Operations Research 45, pp. 1-19. [8] Barth J.R., Nolle D.E., Phumiwasana T. et Yago G. [2002], ”A Cross-Country Analysis of the Bank Supervisory Framework and Bank Performance”, Economic and Policy Analysis Working Paper 2, Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (O.C.C.). [9] Barth J.R., Caprio Jr G. et Levine R. [2001], ”The Regulation and Supervision of Banks Around the World A New Database”, Working Paper, World Bank. [10] Barth J.R., Caprio

s’appliquent aux pays membres qu’à titre volontaire. En consultation avec d’autres institutions, le FMI a également défini des normes ou des codes de bonnes pratiques (Code of Good Practices on Fiscal Transparency, Code of Good Practices on Transparency in Monetary and Financial Policies), tandis que d’autres organismes conduisent des travaux dans des domaines connexes : comptabilité et vérification des comptes, réglementation des marchés boursiers, réglementation prudentielle sous l’égide du Comité de Bâle

possibility of legal complications in the future. If a court determines that a person is offside the civil regime under the Act, it may order the person not to engage in such conduct, to publish a corrective notice and/or to pay an administrative monetary penalty of up to $50,000 in the case of a first time occurrence by an individual and $100,000 in the case of a first time occurrence by a corporation. For subsequent orders, the penalties increase to a maximum of $100,000 in the case of an individual

protests by the Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament.[100] Thatcher became closely aligned with the policies of U.S. President Ronald Reagan (1981–1989), and their closeness produced transatlantic cooperation.[100] His policy of deterrence against the Soviets contrasted with the policy of détente which the West had pursued during the 1970s, and caused friction with allies who still adhered to the idea of détente. Thatcher was among the first Western leaders to respond warmly to reformist Soviet leader

infrastructures de base du secteur des TIC. Le même raisonnement s’applique également aux autres sous-secteurs d’infrastructures. OCDE, African Economic Outlook 2009, http://www.africaneconomicoutlook.org/en/indepth/innovation-and-ict-in-africa/the-policy-legal-regulatory-lessons/ 10 Graphique 3 : Contributions des opérateurs de téléphonie mobile aux recettes fiscales nationales (en %) Source : GSM World 2006, « Taxation and Growth of Mobile Services in Sub-Saharian Africa”. Tchad - République

members of the 16-nation eurozone that the Irish Republic is putting its finances in order. The BBC's Mark Simpson, in Dublin, says it is believed that Mr Cowen has now joined government ministers in talks with delegations from the International Monetary Fund and the European Union. The money is expected to come from a number of different sources, with the IMF loan expected to be the cheapest money but European money likely to more expensive, particularly the money from the European Stability Facility

marché. L’administration fédérale ne garantit pas les emprunts des collectivités territoriales. 23 Bibliographie BAHL, R., et J. LINN (1992), Urban Public Finance in Developing Countries, Oxford University Press, New York. BIRD, R. (1992), Tax Policy and Economic Development, Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore. BIRD, R. (2000), « Fiscal decentralisation and competitive governments » dans G. Galeotti, P. Salmon et R. Wintrobe (dir. de la publ.), Competition and Structure. The Political Economy