Member of Parliament

LABOUR PARTY : First of all , the founding of the party: The Labour Party was founded in 19th century, around which time it became apparent that there was a need for a new political party to represent the interests and needs of the urban proletariat, a group which had increased in number and had recently been given franchise. In addition, several small socialist groups had formed around this time, with the intention of linking the movement to political policies. Among these were the Independent

------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- The Westminster's Palace, in the heart of London, headquarters of the British legislative power. ------------------------------------------------- The power of the British monarch (currently Queen Elizabeth II) is entirely ceremonial: this one reign but not govern. The executive power of this parliamentary monarchy is exercised in the name of the Queen, by the Prime Minister (David Cameron), and the other ministers. The Prime Minister is

anthem of south Africa - Motto : !ke e: ǀxarra ǁke  ("Unity In Diversity") - Relief : The Central Plateau (from 600m to 2500m), Roggeveld Mountains (average of 1404 m), Drakensberg (3482m) - The quantity of water is negligible - Map of Africa : - Flag of South Africa: (Adopted the 15th March 1994) - Coat of arms: II History of South Africa The definitive implantation of Europeans in South Africans was in 1652 with the establishment of a refreshment station, on behalf of the

a plan by Schuman, (foreign minister of France), in fact, France proposed to place French and German coal and steel under a common authority in 1950, this was the first concrete stage of unification in Europe. Besides, the goal of this proposition was to establish peace in Europe.. In fact, the European countries had to cooperate, they had to fight against the high power (Americans, soviets) and prevent a third world war. In 1951, there was an establishment of the European Coal and steel Community

had several powers (judiciary, legislative and executive). Executive deals with everyday life of the country. Legislative branch of government is the power to make laws. Judiciary branch is the power to interprate and enforce laws. But with the creation of an independent judiciary, the direct exercise of those prerogatives progressively decreased. In particular the 18 19 century witnesses the eroding of the monarchs final real powers. That is to say that the actually governing thrue the other ministers

lobbying of planned legislation to increase maritime safety arising from the accident of the tanker Erika in 1999. OCIMF’s lobbying targeted two proposals: the fast phasing-out of single hull tankers, which would have led to a potential shortage of ships for hire, and the planned establishment of a European compensation fund complementary to an already existing American one – which would have caused additional costs to the oil industry. In this case, influence is assessed under the condition of a high

européenne European Law as a source of UK Law Droit européen comme source de droit britannique The United Kingdom joined the European Community (now called the European Union) on the 1 January 1973. Le Royaume-Uni ont rejoint la Communauté européenne (maintenant appelé l'Union européenne) sur le 1 Janvier 1973. The European Community had been in existence since 1957 when six Member States (France, Germany, Italy, Belgium, Netherlands and Luxembourg) signed the Treaty of Rome. La Communauté européenne

law legal system. It is very difficult to give a simple definition of the legal system in the UK, but you may find it helps to think of it as the system that covers how all civil and criminal laws are made, used and enforced. A fundamental part of any legal system is its constitution. A constitution is the basic law of the state providing the rules by which the state is governed and setting out the rights and responsibilities of the state and its citizens. For example, in the UK, adults aged over

ratification crisis of the Treaty of Maastricht (1992-1993). They became aware of the gap between supranational competence and democratic representation and the support for the EU and the institutions gradually decreased in spite of the fact that it was to be “an ever closer union among the peoples ofEurope, in which decisions are taken as closely as possible to the citizen”. When considering the EU on the model of parliamentary democracy, two problems appear: the transfer of the exercise of powers from

How the EU takes decisions Decision-making at European Union level involves various European institutions, in particular * the European Commission, * the European Parliament (EP), * the Council of the European Union. In general, it is the European Commission that proposes new legislation, but it is the Council and Parliament that pass the laws. Other institutions also have roles to play. Каким образом ЕС принимает решения Принятие решений на уровне Европейского союза затрагивает различные