Economic growth

Growth, Distance to Frontier and Composition of Human Capital∗ Jérôme Vandenbussche Harvard University, UCL and CERAS Philippe Aghion† Harvard University and IFS Costas Meghir University College London and IFS August 2004 Abstract We examine the contribution of human capital to economy-wide technological improvements through the two channels of innovation and imitation. We develop a theoretical model showing that skilled labor has a higher growth-enhancing effect closer to the technological frontier

How do you account for the rise of China as an emergent economic power? Over the least three decades China made Asia and more generally of the world envious. Indeed, it is the fastest growing economy in the world with and expansion averaging 10% a year. As a result, its GDP in 2006 was around 13 times more important than its level in the early eighties. Thus, today China’s economy is becoming the fourth largest in the world behind the USA, Japan’s and Germany. China is one of the most competitive

STUDY GROUP PROJECT – COMPARATIVE ECONOMICS How is fiscal policy established and implemented in the United States and the European Union? STUDY GROUP PROJECT – COMPARATIVE ECONOMICS Abstract This paper deals with a presentation of the fiscal policy in United States and in the European Union. This is a research proposal paper of the main differences between these policies. In economics, fiscal policy is the use of government expenditure and revenue collection to influence the economy

THEORIE DU DEVELOPPEMENT (J.C. Berthélemy, année 2005-2006) Ouvrage généraux de référence Debraj Ray, Development Economics, Princeton University Press. Kaushik Basu, The Less Developed Economy, A Critique of Contemporary Theory,Basil Blackwell. Michael Todaro, Economic Development in the Third World, Longman. Robert Barro et Xavier Sala-i-Marin, Economic Growth, MIT Press. PREMIERE PARTIE : FONDEMENTS EMPIRIQUES ET HISTORIQUES DE LA THEORIE DU DEVELOPPEMENT A. Faits Stylisés 1. Introduction 2

the 18th century’s industrial revolution and then to the post World War II era. After 1945, it was thought that the much needed growth would be favoured by a globalised economy. But it is only in the last 20 years that things have evolved rapidly and the bipolar world dominated by USA, Europe and Japan has become the multi-polar world with many centers of economic power and activity. I) The features of globalisation 1) It has been boosted by the development of information and communication

of households is estimated to have recovered in 2009, mainly on the back of a higher savings propensity and a positive wealth effect resulting from gains on the financial markets and despite rising unemployment and negative real wage growth. The more favourable economic outlook, despite persisting tensions in the labour market, combined with more cautious consumer behaviour may allow further recovery in wealth accumulation over the forthcoming period. Net wealth over GDP is set to reach some 14 % of

Aid and Growth Steven Radelet, Michael Clemens, and Rikhil Bhavnani New evidence shows that aid flows aimed at growth have produced results Controversies about aid effectiveness go back decades. Critics such as Milton Friedman, Peter Bauer, and William Easterly have leveled stinging critiques, charging that aid has enlarged government bureaucracies, perpetuated bad governments, enriched the elite in poor countries, or just been wasted. They cite widespread poverty in Africa and South Asia despite

the Soviet bloc after the fall of the Berlin Wall in November and the beginning of the transformation process of the countries of Central and Eastern Europe. For this transformation to be successful the CEE countries must undertake political and economic transition, as did Poland from 1990. Poland, which has inherited from a planned economy based on heavy industry and agriculture with many state-owned enterprises, known then hyperinflation which ruined its economy. For this reason, the Vice-Chairman

nations. Les déterminants de la croissance et de la richesse des nations A partir de ces théories, il est possible d'examiner empiriquement les facteurs favorables à la croissance. C'est ce qu'a fait Barro [1991] dans son article « Economic growth in a cross-section of countries » où il se place dans la perspective d'une comparaison entre pays (voir aussi Levine et Renelt [1992] et Barro et Sala-i-Martin [1992]). Les principaux résultats de ces travaux sont les suivants. On constate

trends for both MEDCs and LEDCs In the 1950s-60s, the « population explosion » caused major concern about mas starvation in the Global South, leading to the Green Revolution. Nowadays, trends have been reversed : in most countries, population growth is falling and people are ageing, causing a « papy boom .» According to the Demographic Transition (DT) model, this should indicate that countries are more and more developed as they are advancing in their DT. However, although all countries follow